Акыллы кеше: юрамалар арасында аерма
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к →Эволюция: clean up using AWB |
кТөзәтмә аңлатмасы юк |
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Юл номеры - 39:
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'''Кешеләр''' ([[латинча]] [[таксономия]] буенча '''''Homo sapiens''''',<ref>{{cite journal |author=Goodman M, Tagle D, Fitch D, Bailey W, Czelusniak J, Koop B, Benson P, Slightom J |title=Primate evolution at the DNA level and a classification of hominoids |journal=J Mol Evol |volume = 30 |issue=3 |pages=260–266 |year=1990 |pmid=2109087 |doi=10.1007/BF02099995}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hominidae Classification |work=Animal Diversity Web @ UMich |url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/classification/Hominidae.html |accessdate=2006-09-25}}</ref> ягъни "хикмәт иясе/акыллы кеше" буларак билгеле)<ref>{{L&S|homo|hŏmo}}, {{L&S|sapiens|săpĭens}}, {{L&S|sapio|săpĭo|ref}}</ref>
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Кешеләр have a [[encephalization|highly developed]] [[кеше мие|мие]] һәм абстракт [[фикерләү]], [[тел]], [[introspection]], һәм [[проблемаларны чишү]] сәләтенә ия. This mental capability, combined with an erect body carriage that frees the hands for manipulating objects, has allowed humans to make far greater use of [[tool]]s than any other living species on Earth. Other higher-level thought processes of humans, such as [[self-awareness]], [[rationality]], and [[sapience]],<ref name=mc2>''Dependent Rational Animals: Why Human Beings Need the Virtues'' By [[Alasdair MacIntyre]] pp. 60, "But this [language] is insufficient for human rationality, What is needed in addition is the ability to construct sentences that contain as constituents either the sentences use to express the judgment about which the agent is reflecting, or references to those sentences."</ref><ref name=mcd>[[John McDowell]], ''Mind and World'', 1994. p.115, Harvard University Press, (quoted in ''Dependent Rational Animals'', by Alasdair MacIntyre): "In mere animals, sentience is in the service of a mode of life that is structured exclusively by immediate biological imperatives" [..] "merely animal life is shaped by goals whose control of the animal's behavior at a given moment is an immediate outcome of biological forces"</ref><ref name="flanagan">''The Really Hard Problem:Meaning in a Material World'', [[Owen Flanagan]], MIT Press</ref> are considered to be defining features of what constitutes a "[[person]]".<ref name="CathEnc">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Geddes|first=Leonard|title=Person|encyclopedia=[[Catholic Encyclopedia]]|publisher=Robert Appleton Company|location=New York|year=1911|volume=11|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11726a.htm|accessdate=2011-03-09|quote="The classic definition is that given by [[Boethius]] in "De persona et duabus naturis", c. ii: Naturæ rationalis individua substantia (an individual substance of a rational nature). Rationalis naturae -- Person is predicated only of intellectual beings.." "..A person is therefore sometimes defined as suppositum naturae rationalis."}}</ref>
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